tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34356246244606894102024-03-13T09:08:04.654-07:00ASCI 638Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15657004867015804194noreply@blogger.comBlogger3125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3435624624460689410.post-13480696566693396612013-11-05T19:15:00.004-08:002013-11-05T19:15:46.526-08:00Activity 2.7<div class="MsoTitle">
<w:sdt docpart="22613A4A53EA4BDC943B910095DFB246" id="726351117" multiline="t" prefixmappings="xmlns:ns0='http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/' xmlns:ns1='http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/metadata/core-properties' " storeitemid="X_6C3C8BC8-F283-45AE-878A-BAB7291924A1" text="t" title="Title" xpath="/ns1:coreProperties[1]/ns0:title[1]">Case Analysis: Human Factors The human Element</w:sdt><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Title2">
Dustin T Roybal<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Title2">
03 November 2013<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Title2">
Embry Riddle Aeronautical University<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Title2">
<br /></div>
<div class="SectionTitle" style="text-align: center;">
Abstract<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
Unmanned Aerospace Systems (UAS) are highly advanced
technological systems, UASs are remotely piloted, with some basic autonomous functions. In the future, it may be possible that UASs will
become completely autonomous vehicles, but until then the human pilot must
remain a part of the overall system. Since
UASs require the constant attention of the pilots, who must keep a hand on the
controls at all times and who are removed from the aircraft itself, this leaves
a large opening for error. With the
pilot removed from the cockpit, the pilot must rely solely on the aircraft
sensors. This limits the pilot’s
abilities greatly: the pilot no longer has the natural ability to detect change
in velocity, pitch, roll and yaw of the aircraft. For this reason and due to the high stakes
involved with Unmanned Vehicles, the operators must undergo constant training
to minimize mistakes leading to the loss of aircraft and possibly life should a
drone flying in national airspace crash on civilian populated areas or
accidently strike civilian targets in military operations. <o:p></o:p></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15657004867015804194noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3435624624460689410.post-73416869040961199762013-11-05T19:14:00.001-08:002013-11-05T19:14:52.422-08:00M1 UAS Current Event Analysis<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 26.0pt; line-height: 200%;">M1
UAS Current Event Analysis<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> According to research that had been
conducted by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) estimates that 70-80% of
aviation accidents have a direct casual factor from the human element <w:sdt citation="t" id="375436636"><!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Kev04 \l
1033 <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Williams, 2004)<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>. The United States Army had conducted a study
involving a total of 56 unmanned aerial vehicles, at the conclusion of this
study it was determined that 32% of incidents were caused due to human error <w:sdt citation="t" id="635149008"><!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:
field-begin'></span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Kev04 \l
1033 <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Williams, 2004)<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>. Human error was broken down into a variety of
causal factors, the separated error causal factors were: Pilot-in-command, alerts and alarms, display
design, external pilot landing error, external pilot takeoff error and
procedural errors. Out of all the areas
of human errors, the highest casual facture was external pilot landing error at
47% of the human element. Followed by
external pilot takeoff error and procedural errors sitting around 20% of the
human error total <w:sdt citation="t" id="681090110"><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Kev04 \l 1033 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Williams, 2004)<!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:
field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> Similarly as unmanned aerospace
systems are becoming more abundant so have UAV involved accidents. UAV involved incidents have been
significantly higher than that of manned aircraft <w:sdt citation="t" id="-388414343"><!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Ala06 \l 1033 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Alan Hobbs, 2006)<!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:
field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>.
Unmanned military surveillance aircraft losses has been more than 10
times than that of manned aircraft <w:sdt citation="t" id="-115138800"><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Ala06 \l 1033 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Alan Hobbs, 2006)<!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:
field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>.
A study conducted in 2004 on UAVs reported that maintenance factors
involved anywhere from 2-17% of the reported accidents varying only by the type
of UAVs involved <w:sdt citation="t" id="-470595455"><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Kev04 \l 1033 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Williams, 2004)<!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:
field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>.
<w:sdt citation="t" id="-941455154"><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Kev04 \l 1033 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Williams, 2004)<!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:
field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt> Also determined that 32% of UAV
accidents involved human error, while 45% involved material failure. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> While UAVs will undoubtedly be the
preferred choice of tomorrow’s operation, there are many factors to work
out. New rules and regulations must be
implemented and new safety requirements and procedures must be created. It is much more difficult piloting an
unmanned aircraft from a remote control center than it is to fly a manned
aircraft. Therefore standards and
regulations for unmanned flight within U.S. Airspace must focus particularly on
the human factors within UAV operations <w:sdt citation="t" id="-1199160968"><!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>CITATION Jas \l 1033 <span style='mso-element:
field-separator'></span><![endif]-->(Jason S.
McCarley)<!--[if supportFields]><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span><![endif]--></w:sdt>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<h1>
References<o:p></o:p><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><w:sdtpr></w:sdtpr></span></h1>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if supportFields]><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>BIBLIOGRAPHY <span style='mso-element:field-separator'></span><![endif]-->Alan Hobbs, P. S. (2006). <i>Human Challenges in the
Maintenance of Unmanned Aircraft Systems.</i> Moffett Field: NASA Research
Park.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p></o:p></span><w:sdtpr></w:sdtpr></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
Jason S. McCarley, C. D. (n.d.). <i>Human Factors
Concerns in UAV Flight.</i> Illinois: University of Illinois.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
Williams, K. W. (2004). <i>A Summary of Unmanned
Aircraft Accident/Incident Data: Human Factors Implications.</i> Washington
D.C.: ADOT/FAA Office of Aerospace Medicine.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<w:sdt bibliography="t" id="-573587230">
</w:sdt></w:sdt>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15657004867015804194noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3435624624460689410.post-43494987189914467602013-11-05T19:13:00.001-08:002013-11-05T19:13:40.491-08:00Biography<div class="MsoNormal">
I served 6 years in the US Marines serving in the Infantry
as well as in the communications field.
While in the Infantry I served in Kawait & Iraq during OIF. I served out of the JOTF HOA base in Africa
for OEF. While there I served in the QRF
for the Embassy protected US asset Ships traveling through the water way,
patrolled Djibouti, Somalia, Yemen, Ethiopia and Kenya. After these deployments, I served in the
communications field working with Radio, Multi-Channel Radio, Telephone, Data
and Satellite Communications technology.
I currently work for the
Department of the Navy at the Naval Air Weapons Station, China Lake. I work in the Labs for the F/A-18 &
EA-18G Advanced Weapons Laboratory. I
got this job because of my background with computers. I have been working on computers since I was
a child, at age 9 I was taught by NOVELL Certified Technicians. I started working with MS DOS when I was
about 5. I have a long history of IT
Administration. I have worked both in IT
Administration as well as IT Security.
With this position, I keep the systems secure and functional and have
picked up much in the Avionics field.
For my future goals, I very much would enjoy getting into Unmanned
Aerospace Systems, specifically in astronautics. I would enjoy working with Space borne remote
sensing technology. <o:p></o:p></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15657004867015804194noreply@blogger.com0